Research Natural Solutions Yeast Infection and Herpes

STD Testing

2009-06-24T13:59:00.001-07:00

Reagan and Chirac were to sign, on Tuesday 31 March, Washington, an agreement on the Franco-American dispute over the discovery of the AIDS and STD virus. This agreement recognizes the value of the two patents filed separately by teams of professors Luc Montagnier (Pasteur Institute, Paris) and Robert Gallo (U.S. National Institute of Cancer) and provides for the distribution of profits resulting from these patents.

Testing for Sexually Transmitted Diseases, sometimes can be daunting task, since various applications and methods are being used to test for different STD (Sexually Transmitted Diseases)
<a href="http://www.herpes3.com/2009/06/std-testing.html">HERPES | STD GENITAL HERPES: STD TESTING</a>: "Medically registered cases of sexually transmitted diseases (STD) are common in every city and district of United States."

Remember That Any Patient With A Paralysis Of

2009-06-21T15:50:00.001-07:00

"In United States, the most infected are the youth and people of younger age, STD affecting especially the black minority more intensely women rather then men, according to federal statistics released in June 2009. Medically registered cases of Sexually Transmitted Disease (STD) are recorded only at public medical centers when the individuals comes for STD TESTING, those other people who orders STD Testing privately, from private medical establishments are not. The CDC reports also shows that cases of syphilis surprisingly continue to grow, since these disease are considered to be "manageable" and preventable. Syphilis is in the process of being eradicated, from the late 90-s, in the United States, however it began to represent a new health threat in 2001, registering an increase of 15. " by USA: The Call for Public Attention to Sharp Increase in STD Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Remember that any patient with a paralysis of the obverse should To be checked up on presence !). Then, Genital Herpes STD investigate bone elements of a membrane of an ear - Examine a forward part of a membrane and investigate a hammer. Look On umbo (the central and well visible point of an eardrum) and The hammer handle. Low sensitivity of a membrane often offers nerve damage (sign Itard-Cholewa). Estimation of a condition of Eustachian tubes The test of Politsera (Politzer's Test). If the patient Has unilateral loss of hearing it is necessary to check up function Eustachian tubes. For this purpose place a vibrating metronome before a nose The patient also ask it to make a little movements. If There is a unilateral loss of hearing, the patient will define changes Intensity of a sound only on the healthy party in a swallowing cycle. Reception of Polittsera (Politzer's aneuver). In it The test the compressed air entered into a nasal aperture is used Spray. Of the patient ask to swallow thus, and the doctor visually Examines a membrane.

Other Experiment. To The First Group Of Examinees

2009-06-21T14:58:00.001-07:00

"But the mobilization is immediate killer cells, unlike T cells that need to be educated. The learning behavior of these natural killer cells thus quell the enemy before it progresses in the body, the challenge is to intensify the progression of natural immune system to be more effective and efficient in developing anti herpes approach fighting the virus. The natural killer cells play an important role in eliminating the infection, that is how the immune system is set up to function in regular infection attacks, but the Herpes virus is much too strong and infection demand much stronger immune system. Most initial viral load is a substantial pressure on immune system of the body, that in most cases suppress the immune system and the virus is established in the body for the rest of life. " by New research on pathogens causing genital herpes

Other experiment. To the first group of examinees give for a breakfast basically the carbohydrates, to the second - mainly fats. Herpes Genital Further it appears that the second group of examinees eats in a current of day much more food and, accordingly, energy, than the first. In special researches it is established that than more fat the person in food especially probable uses there will be at it an excess weight. And communication between abusing fat and superfluous kgs is expressed more strongly, than similar communication between excess weight and abusing flour and sweet. Much more strongly. Results of the resulted experiments allow to make some very important conclusions: Fat presence in food does not reduce consumption of other nutrients. Fat presence in food does not reduce appetite, and its presence does not increase a sense of fulness By the way, everyone can be convinced of last conclusion itself. Salad from the vegetables, seasoned with sunflower-seed oil practically no more nourishing, than salad with addition of the same quantity of sour cream, and its caloric content can be in 2-3 times more.

Till Now We Follow Ganemanu; In This Connection

2009-06-20T07:37:00.001-07:00

"In United States, the most infected are the youth and people of younger age, STD affecting especially the black minority more intensely women rather then men, according to federal statistics released in June 2009. Medically registered cases of Sexually Transmitted Disease (STD) are recorded only at public medical centers when the individuals comes for STD TESTING, those other people who orders STD Testing privately, from private medical establishments are not. The CDC reports also shows that cases of syphilis surprisingly continue to grow, since these disease are considered to be "manageable" and preventable. Syphilis is in the process of being eradicated, from the late 90-s, in the United States, however it began to represent a new health threat in 2001, registering an increase of 15. " by USA: The Call for Public Attention to Sharp Increase in STD Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Till now we follow Ganemanu; in this connection the method of ordering STD Genital Herpes which Ganeman has opened, still has the further development. Thus, we have consistently symptoms of finitenesses and a body as a whole; influence of movement, rest and various positions. The following part contains all symptoms depending on nervous system: overexcitation, spasms, weakness, a lameness. The dream, great reducer of nervous system, is located in the following part; also it is possible to find the symptoms concerning at the right time in it, to previous dream, at the right time actually a dream and at the right time, coming after awakening. In the same chapter the symptoms meeting within night are placed. In the following part the symptoms happening during various time of day are located. All symptoms concerning to heat and a cold, shown indoors and out of it, in the open air, are located in the following chapter together with wind and weather influences. The new chapter contains all symptoms , fevers and a perspiration, i.

As A Result There Is A Full Impassability

2009-05-31T18:02:00.000-07:00

As a result there is a full impassability - of a gullet and at liquid or food reception. The raised salivation is marked. At hit of a large foreign matter in input area in a gullet the instant death from is possible. At - gullet perforation the - hypodermic emphysema can develop, there are symptoms purulent - a body heat, a fever, deterioration of the general condition. Punching walls - sharp foreign matters can lead to a bleeding from the damaged adjacent large vessels - the general carotid, veins, aortas, etc. At punching of a wall of a gullet probably damage of a pleura, lungs and development of pishchevodno-respiratory fistulas. Long stay of a foreign matter - in a gullet causes traumatic with the - subsequent punching owing to gullet walls. With a gullet foreign matter - carrying out of emergency radiological research is necessary for all patients-. Metal - foreign matters reveal at usual . At less contrast foreign matters the tomography, research of a gullet with water-soluble contrast is shown -.

Clinic And Diagnostics: The Clinical Picture Of Disease

2009-05-01T00:58:00.000-07:00

Clinic and diagnostics: the clinical picture of disease - develops of the symptoms caused by local action - of chemical substance, and intoxication displays. Weight of defeat depends mainly on character of the accepted - substance, its concentration, quantity, degree of filling of a stomach at the moment of a poisoning, first-aid treatment terms. Localisation - of a burn and depth of defeat depends also on how the patient drank an aggressive liquid. At reception by its small drinks - there is a burn of a mucous membrane of an oral cavity, , the top - third of gullet; if a liquid drink "volley", the - bottom third of gullet and a stomach is damaged - basically. Acids cause fabrics with formation - of a dense scab which interferes with penetration of substance - into depth of fabrics, reduces its hit in blood. Caustic alkalis cause (formation water-soluble which transfers alkali on fabric sites), characterised by deeper and widespread defeat of a wall of a gullet. Infringement of motor function of a gullet and the swallowing certificate at chemical burns is caused not only local changes in a gullet, but also changes peripheral vegetative and the central nervous structures providing the certificate of swallowing.

The Anaemia Can Be A Unique Symptom Of

2009-04-30T11:22:00.000-07:00

The anaemia can be a unique symptom of disease-. The bleeding occurs by , from erosion and ulcers at . Crucial importance in an establishment of the diagnosis of a hernia - diaphragm apertures has radiological research. Research spend in vertical and horizontal - position of the patient and in position of Trendelenburga (with the lowered head end of a table). At sliding hernias mark continuation of folds - of a mucous membrane department of a stomach above a diaphragm, presence or absence of shortening of the gullet, the developed corner of Gisa, a high confluence of a gullet of a stomach, reduction of a gas bubble, a reflux of contrast substance from a stomach in a gullet. The arrangement over a diaphragm is a sign hernias diaphragm apertures. At accompanying a reflux-ezofagite the gullet can - be expanded and truncated. it is expedient at a gullet, an ulcer, suspicion on a cancer, a bleeding. She allows to specify length of a gullet, to estimate weight , to define insufficiency degree , to exclude ulcer defects.

Special Methods Of Research Of Bodies Of A

2009-04-15T13:59:00.000-07:00

Special methods of research of bodies of a belly cavity are described in corresponding sections. STOMACH TRAUMAS Distinguish getting wounds of a belly cavity and a stupid trauma of a stomach. Any getting wound of a stomach can - be accompanied by damage of an internal that in turn conducts or to peritonitis development, or to an intrabelly - bleeding. That is why any getting wound of the stomach, whatever insignificant it seemed, demands urgent . At a stupid trauma of a stomach damage - of an internal with peritonitis or bleeding development also is possible-. More often than other bodies the spleen, then a liver is damaged. Ruptures of these bodies can conduct to a massive intrabelly - bleeding. The stupid trauma of a stomach can cause rupture with a - bleeding in a cavity or between leaves with development subsequently a gut site. Damage of the fixed bodies of a belly cavity - which settle down directly at a backbone (a - pancreas, a duodenal gut) is possible--. At damage of these bodies of the phenomenon of a peritonitis can develop after - some days after a trauma.

At A Burn Acids Expediently Drink 2% A

2009-04-13T07:17:00.000-07:00

At a burn acids expediently drink 2% a - sodium hydrocarbonate-, magnesium ( magnesias), , at a poisoning with alkalis - 1 - 1,5 % of a solution of acetic acid. Into the first 6 - 7 enter antipillboxes. Treatment: the stationary. The patient spend antishock and therapy - introduction gljukozo-novokainovoj mixes, , , a haemomisinformation, , , plasmas, solutions of electrolits. For normalisation of activity of cardiovascular system appoint warm , . Correction metabolic is carried out by introduction of a solution of bicarbonate of sodium by of 5 %. For struggle with - spend a food of patients during 3 - 4 days. For preventive maintenance of a secondary infection and a pneumonia appoint antibiotics of a wide spectrum of action. For the purpose of the prevention of development of cicatricial narrowing of a gullet - to patients since 1 days give through everyone 30 - 40 mines on 1 - 2 drinks of the mixture containing sunflower-seed oil, benzocaine, 5 % a solution , an antibiotic, from 3rd day them feed - with the cooled food.

The Painful - Irritation Arises At Excitation Of

2009-04-09T08:14:00.000-07:00

The painful - irritation arises at excitation of painful receptors or at - on sensitive nervous fibres on a way from receptors to a visual hillock. The pain reasons are pathological changes of fabrics (an inflammation, an ischemia, a - mechanical trauma, change - of a kislotno-alkaline condition and ) participate In the pain mechanism , , . The vistseralnaja pain starts with bodies of a belly cavity, branches of vegetative nervous - system. Cause a pain a stretching, a swelling, a spasm of bodies a path, uric system, a stretching of covers - bodies (a liver, a spleen). Painful irritation, reaching under- the centres, it is perceived by the patient in the form of a pain , symmetric round an average line of a stomach. A pain localised in of area, illnesses of a stomach, a duodenal gut, a bilious bubble, a pancreas liver cause. A pain in areas cause small intestine diseases a shoot, the blind gut, an ascending gut and the right half cross-section guts. A pain in areas diseases of the left half cross-section a gut descending and of a gut.

Superficial In The Presence Of Irritation Reveals Along

2009-04-06T17:11:00.000-07:00

Superficial in the presence of irritation reveals along with protective pressure of muscles of a belly wall the greatest morbidity in a zone corresponding to localisation of irritation . morbidity can prove definition of s it ShChetkina - Bljumberga. This symptom consists that at pressing on a belly wall arising morbidity stretchings at the moment of sudden a palpating hand from a belly wall. it can be is easier accessible in the field of a navel, at research of a back wall the channel, at research. After superficial carry out deep on a method It is exemplary - Strazhesko. a stomach internal it is necessary to spend to a step with respiratory movements. a stomach allows to find out changes of intestinal noise, presence of arterial vascular noise. In norm intestinal noise arise through unequal time intervals and cause the muffled gurgling sound. the intestinal noise getting sonorous tone, it is characteristic for mechanical intestinal impassability at strengthening . Absence of intestinal noise testifies about intestines.

Bloody Vomiting Is Marked, And The Hypodermic Emphysema,

2009-04-03T20:37:00.000-07:00

Bloody vomiting is marked, and the hypodermic emphysema, develops a shock, the body temperature raises. At damage pleurae arise symptoms ). External (openly) traumas of a gullet in a peace time meet seldom. Usually they are combined with plural the next bodies (a thyroid gland, a trachea, heart, easy, large vessels, etc.). The clinic and diagnostics, at wound of a cervical part of a gullet patients complain of a pain at swallowing, the hypodermic emphysema on a neck Through 12 20 develops and . At damage of chest department of a gullet patients mark a sharp pain behind a breast, amplifying at a breath, cough, the swallowing, the raised salivation, sensation of a foreign matter and a gullet. The compelled position of patients is characteristic - the trunk is inclined forward There is a vomiting with a blood impurity, ooa a neck emphysema, symptoms , , a pleurisy. Wounds of belly department of a gullet can lead to peritonitis development. is frequent complication of damages of a gullet.

Diagnostic Value Has Occurrence At Cough Of A

2009-04-02T22:27:00.000-07:00

Diagnostic value has occurrence at cough of a pain and its localisation. a stomach make for delimitation of a liver, a spleen, the sizes of pathological formations in a stomach (-, a tumour, an abscess). Sonorous a sound give: Gas congestions in intestines , gas congestions in a belly cavity , at punching of hollow body (disappearance of hepatic dullness). For revealing of a congestion of a free liquid in a belly cavity (, , ) spend comparative both half of stomach in a direction from an average line to its lateral departments, then on right and left to a side. Change a sound (instead of dullness) happens in the presence of freely moving liquid in a belly cavity. In vertical position sick a stomach spend in a direction from top to down on an average line and to lines. Zone a sound over a bosom with horizontal - concave top border - a sign of a free liquid in a belly cavity. A zone with horizontal top border and over it - a sign of a congestion of a liquid and gas. If the top border of a zone a sound over a bosom forms convex up a line is the sign - specifying in overflow by contents of a bladder, on - uterus increase, presence .

The External Bottom Border Of A Stomach Passes

2009-03-30T10:31:00.000-07:00

The external bottom border of a stomach passes on the lines spent from of bones in the parties to , further to lobbies top bones, on their crests and the basis . The stomach cavity a belly cavity - is limited in front, from sides and behind - by belly walls, above - a diaphragm, below passes in a cavity of a small basin. From within a belly cavity . Belly cavity subdivide on a cavity limited -, and space. In a belly cavity allocate two floors: top and bottom. Border between them is cross-section guts. Stomach walls divide into two departments: and back, or lumbar area Borders between them are the right and left back axillary lines. At diagnostics of diseases of bodies of a belly cavity the doctor for revealing of localisation of pathological process should imagine mentally - spatial parities of bodies with each other and their projections to a belly wall. In clinical practice use division stomach walls on the areas formed as a result of carrying out of conditional two horizontal and two vertical lines.

Primary Localisation Of A Belly-ache, And Then Later

2009-03-28T00:00:00.000-07:00

Primary localisation of a belly-ache, and then later - pain joining - in area hernias it is characteristic more for sharp diseases of bodies of a belly cavity, than for the - restrained hernia. Sudden occurrence of an acute pain in areas with development of a peritonitis at sick of a stomach ulcer is characteristic for ulcer perforation. Primary localisation of a pain in right with under the right shovel, in right , the greatest morbidity and pressure of muscles in right -, positive symptoms of Grekova - Ortnera, Murphys are characteristic for a sharp cholecystitis. Pain occurrence initially in areas or round a navel with the subsequent moving of a pain in right the area, the greatest morbidity and pressure of muscles of this area are characteristic for an acute appendicitis Consecutive occurrence in the beginning signs of intestinal impassability, then a peritonitis and after changes in hernia area allow to treat a pain in the field of a hernia, increase in the sizes and pressure of a hernia as displays of false infringement.

Development Of A Cancer Of A Gullet In

2009-03-27T06:11:00.000-07:00

Development of a cancer of a gullet in patients (at 4 - 7 %) is noted, especially at considerable expansion of a gullet and long stagnation in it , and also at patients with - a gullet, hernias apertures of a diaphragm and with a congenital short gullet owing to presence at them - chronic are Always suspicious on possibility - is long not healing gullet ulcers (especially Barret's ulcer; sm "Peptichesky ulcers - of a gullet") One of the factors conducting to occurrence of a cancer of a gullet are cicatricial after chemical burns. a gullet consider as a precancer. Occurrence in these patients is long not healing , , fistulas, a fast weight loss are the indication to removal the changed gullet gullet Deenergizing at a total plasticity a thick gut at burn eliminates possibility in connection with liquidation In the presence of gullet polyps always there is a real danger of their regeneration, therefore a gullet polyp it is necessary to remove. As precancer disease consider a syndrome (a syndrome of Plammera - Vinsona) which is shown by an anaemia, , an atrophy of mucous membranes, and later an oral cavity mucous membrane, drinks and a - gullet Consider that it can arise at the exact maintenance in food of iron and vitamins, especially vitamins - B2 and With.

At Radiological - Research Of A Thorax -

2009-03-24T13:25:00.000-07:00

At radiological - research of a thorax - of patients with reveal additional the right contour , presence of level of a liquid in a projection back , a gas bubble of a stomach. The basic radiological sign - narrowing of terminal department of a gullet with accurate, equal and elastic contours ("a flame of the turned - candle", "a mouse tail") Folds of a mucous membrane - in the field of narrowing are kept the First drinks of barium can to arrive freely in a stomach, then contrast weight is long is late in a gullet. Over a baric suspension define a layer of a liquid and the food rests. Gullet expansion over a place of its narrowing is expressed in various degree At a number of patients mark lengthening and a gullet curvature. a gullet at all patients it is sharply broken: reductions are weakened, have spastic character and insufficient amplitude. At development changes of a relief of a mucous membrane of a gullet are visible: granularity, a thickening and tortuosity of folds. allows to confirm the diagnosis , - to reveal its complications and to spend the differential diagnosis with - other diseases accompanied .

The Pishchevodnoe Aperture Of A Diaphragm Is Formed

2009-03-11T18:28:00.000-07:00

The pishchevodnoe aperture of a diaphragm is formed in most cases at the expense of the right internal (medial) leg of a diaphragm, the left leg participates in its formation only in 10 % of cases. Through a diaphragm aperture pass also wandering nerves. Through intermuscular cracks of lumbar department of a diaphragm pass sympathetic trunks, nerves-, unpaired and semiunpaired veins. The aperture for the bottom hollow vein is located in the diaphragm centre. From above the diaphragm is covered intrachest , a pleura and a pericardium, from below-intrabelly and . To diaphragm parts a pancreas, the duodenal gut, the kidneys surrounded with a fatty capsule and adrenal glands. To the right dome of a diaphragm a liver, to left - a spleen, a stomach bottom, the left share of a liver. Between these bodies and a diaphragm there are corresponding sheaves. The right dome of a diaphragm is located - above (the fourth ), than left (the fifth ). The height of standing of a diaphragm depends on the constitution, age, presence of various pathological processes in chest and belly cavities.

N2 - Mobile Lymph Nodes On An Opposite

2009-03-07T18:59:00.000-08:00

N2 - Mobile lymph nodes on an opposite side or - bilateral. N2a - The increased lymph nodes do not contain metastasises. N2b - The increased lymph nodes contain metastasises. N3 - The fixed lymph nodes. M - the remote metastasises - there are no displays of the remote metastasises in lymph nodes or - other bodies. M1 - There are remote metastasises. M1a - Metastasises in the remote lymph nodes. M1b - Other remote metastasises. Clinic and diagnostics: in clinical display of a cancer of a gullet it is possible to allocate three groups of symptoms: 1) the places-chye, depending on defeat of walls of a gullet; 2) secondary, resulting distributions of process on the next bodies and fabrics; 3) the general. The beginning of development of a cancer of a gullet passes . The latent period can last 1 - 2 years. (at 70 - 98 % of patients) are the first symptom of disease, but in essence it is the late symptom arising at closing of a gleam - of a gullet by a tumour on 2/3 and more, thus at 60 % of patients there are metastasises in .

If The False Infringement Is Not Distinguished And

2009-03-06T19:35:00.000-08:00

If the false infringement is not distinguished and operation concerning a hernia is undertaken, it is important to estimate correctly at this diagnostic stage contents of a hernial bag (a condition of intestinal loops, character ). At the slightest suspicion on an acute disease of bodies of a belly cavity (in a hernial bag a little changed loop of a gut, purulent or ) it is necessary to make median for revealing of a source of a peritonitis. Treatment: the restrained hernia is the indication to - emergency operation. It is necessary to eliminate infringement and to find out viability of the restrained bodies. Operation spend to some stages The first stage - a level-by-level section of fabrics to and an exposure of a hernial bag. The second stage - opening of a hernial bag make - not to damage cautiously - intestines loop, skintight to a wall of a hernial bag. At sliding and femoral hernias there is a danger of damage of a wall of a thick gut or a bladder. Having opened a hernial bag, delete "hernial water".

In A Duodenal Gut Digestion Of All Food

2009-03-06T19:15:00.000-08:00

In a duodenal gut digestion of all food - components is carried out-. The duodenal gut has value in regulation functions of a stomach, a pancreas, a liver, in activity coordination the device. Stomach and duodenal gut, participating in a metabolism, provide homeostasis regulation. Being the main link in hormonal - system of a gastroenteric path, the stomach and a duodenal gut influence diverse functions of various systems of a human body. SPECIAL METHODS OF RESEARCH The analysis of gastric juice. To research of secretion of gastric - juice apply stomach sounding by a thin probe. Before the research beginning through a probe take the - contents which have accumulated in a stomach-. Investigate "" secretion during the interdigestive - period and secretion after - stimulator introduction-. Secretion zhel-udochnogo juice is on an empty stomach carried out mainly as a result of influence on the device - of a stomach of wandering nerves, therefore on indicators "" secretions can be judged a condition of a tone of wandering nerves indirectly.

Often Mark - Gurgle And Rumbling In A

2009-02-23T22:37:00.000-08:00

Often mark - gurgle and rumbling in a thorax on the hernia party, short wind strengthening in horizontal position. After meal there is a vomiting - by the accepted food that brings simplification. At a stomach, - accompanied by a gullet excess, develops paradoxical (the firm food passes better liquid). Direct dependence of expressiveness of clinical symptoms on degree of filling of a gastroenteric path has the big diagnostic value. Infringement hernias characterise sharp pains in a corresponding half of thorax or in areas, in a back, a shovel. The infringement of hollow body - can lead and punching of its wall with development . To suspect a hernia it is possible at presence in the - anamnesis of the trauma, listed above complaints, reduction of mobility - of a thorax and smoothing of intercostal intervals by the defeat party, a stomach at big it is long existing hernias, definition or over a corresponding half of the thorax, changing - intensity depending on degree of filling of a stomach and an intestines-, auscultation an intestines or splash noise in this zone at simultaneous easing or a total absence of respiratory noise, dullness displacement in not amazed - party.

Revealing Of Noise Of Splash Of A Liquid

2009-02-20T23:45:00.000-08:00

Revealing of noise of splash of a liquid in a stomach is reached by drawing of short pushes on a belly wall tips of the semibent fingers. Noise of splash of the liquid, defined on an empty stomach, testifies to infringement of evacuation from a stomach (a stenosis of an exit from a stomach, a stomach). Noise of splash of a liquid in intestines can be found out at intestinal impassability. At a stenosis aorta department listen to noise in a point at once below a navel and on 2 sm to the left of an average line. Manual research of a rectum. Define a tone , gut contents (, slime, blood), a condition glands. At manual research of a rectum tumours and gut departments, in a small basin, cancer metastasises on (metastasises of Shnitslera), tumours guts, tumours of a uterus and can be revealed. At sharp diseases of bodies of a belly cavity manual research of a rectum gives the important information. Morbidity at pressing on rectum walls specifies in inflammatory changes prjamokishechno-matochnogo deepenings ( a pocket-) and bodies of a small basin.

To Conduct Research It Is Necessary Very Cautiously

2009-02-20T07:43:00.000-08:00

To conduct research it is necessary very cautiously in connection with punching possibility . Treatment at the small sizes , absence of complications, absolute contra-indications to surgical - treatment spend the conservative therapy directed on - preventive maintenance of a delay of food weights in and reduction of possibility of development . The food should be - high-grade, mechanically, chemically and thermally sparing. The patient recommend to eat well crushed food After meal - it is necessary to drink some drinks of water, to accept the position promoting . At the big sizes sometimes there is a necessity for cavity washing -. Indications to surgical treatment a gullet: complications (punching, , a bleeding, a - gullet stenosis-, a cancer, development of fistulas), big , complicated at least a short-term delay in them of food weights, a long - delay of food in irrespective of its sizes. Depending on localisation choose operational - access: at glotochno-pishchevodnyh - cervical, at - right-hand , at - link sided .

In Umbilical Area A Radiant Arrangement Expanded Hypodermic

2009-02-19T08:12:00.000-08:00

In umbilical area a radiant arrangement expanded hypodermic veins ("a head of a jellyfish") observe at difficulty - of outflow of blood on to a vein. In departments of a stomach occurrence expanded venous between - femoral and bottom a vein testifies to difficulty of outflow of blood on system of the bottom hollow vein. Observe displacement of a belly wall during the breath certificate. Absence of displacement of any area or all belly wall during breath happens at pressure of muscles as a result a reflex arising owing to irritation . Check active a stomach (a symptom - of Rozanova). To the patient suggest to inflate a stomach, and then to involve it. At sharp inflammatory processes in a belly cavity patients - cannot inflate a stomach because of sharp strengthening of pains. At the - inflammatory processes localised (-, a pleurisy), accompanied sometimes pains in the field of a stomach and pressure of muscles of a belly wall, and stomach retraction probably. The symptom of Rozanova - gets value for difference of sharp inflammatory processes of a belly cavity from processes.

Pharmacological Test - With And Is Negative. In

2009-02-19T06:01:00.000-08:00

Pharmacological test - with and is negative. In patients with often find out hernias - diaphragm apertures, the combination of disease with a gullet is possible. Complication are , attacks of a reflex stenocardia. The disease current long, from time to time that - amplifies, disappears almost completely. At a secondary (reflex-) dyskinesia of a gullet its symptoms usually pass at - treatment of the basic disease. Work capacity, as a rule, is not broken. Treatment: should be directed on normalisation of a motility of a gullet. Complex treatment of patients with (primary) includes appointment of a sparing diet-, and sedative preparations, vitamins, - physiotherapeutic procedures. In the absence of a positive effect - from conservative therapy make (as operation of Gellera) to level of an arch of an aorta. Insufficiency . Disease is connected with - infringement of switching function physiological that leads to occurrence zheludochno-pishchevodnogo a reflux and to development of functional and organic changes of a gullet.

Patients Have A Painful Thirst As A Result

2009-02-08T23:40:00.000-08:00

Patients have a painful thirst as a result , . At a blood test mark , shift - formulas to the left, increase , increase , hypo- and . In hard cases it is observed -, and , metabolic -. At an accompanying burn of a throat and vocal chords can be the voices, complicated-breath, . In - hard cases toxic defeat bodies (sharp hepatic and nephritic insufficiency) develops. The poisoning with an acetic essence can cause development intravascular . Patients have a jaundice, urine gets colour of meat slops, it is marked , , the anaemia accrues. As a result at patients the pneumonia can develop . At direct damage of vessels in the field of a burn there are early - bleedings. Sometimes on 5 - 7th day develops a psychosis (a mental trauma, stress, a pain, burn ). II stage - a stage of "imaginary well-being" - proceeds with 7 about 30 days. By the end of 1st week tearing away gullet fabrics begins. than liquid food becomes slightly more free, bleedings are possible. At deep there is a punching of a gullet with development - of symptoms , , pleurae, a pishchevodno-bronchial fistula.

These Substances Accept For The Purpose Of -

2009-02-06T22:52:00.000-08:00

These substances accept for the purpose of - suicide or by mistake. Heavy damage of departments - of a digestive path happens also at reception of a solution of permanganate , , acetone. The mechanism of their action on a fabric other, than acids and alkalis. So, permanganate and operate on a fabric as oxidizers. At chemical burns of a gullet there can be simultaneously - burns of a mouth, a throat, a hypostasis of lungs, sharp respiratory - insufficiency. It happens at reception of acetic acid and liquid ammonia owing to them and at influence of steams of the concentrated acids and alkalis. Pathological anatomy: the most expressed changes arise in places of physiological narrowings - in - area , glotochno-pishchevodnogo , at level tracheas, over physiological . As a result of a chemical burn the oral cavity mucous membrane, drinks, a gullet, a stomach is damaged first of all. After and a mucous membrane hypostasis quickly comes - fabrics. By the end of 1st week tearing away sites from subject fabrics and formation superficial or deep begins.

The Main Task Of A "flowing" Method -

2009-02-06T18:09:00.000-08:00

The main task of a "flowing" method - maintenance - of sufficient outflow separated of a wound Use - of powerful modern antiseptic tanks (, ) allows - to achieve utter annihilation microflora - effectively enough washing of wounds by solutions , - boric acid, a sodium hydrocarbonate. Advantages of the given - method : technical simplicity and availability. The method of active surgical treatment of sharp purulent - diseases includes probably early closing surfaces - by means of the primary, primary delayed, early secondary seams. The basic condition for suture on a purulent wound - is carrying out of high-grade surgical processing of a purulent wound or clarification by its chemotherapeutic means. The usual - central seam stitched through all layers of a wound, provides good adaptation of edges and wound walls. Carrying out (the general and local) should be a necessary component of complex treatment of patients. The antibiotic choice should be carried out taking into account sensitivity - to it of the activator.

Results Of Research Document By Means Of Roentgenograms,

2009-02-05T04:35:00.000-08:00

Results of research document by means of roentgenograms, videorecording, . To specification of prevalence of tumours of a gullet and - their differential - diagnostics from formations apply (radiological research of bodies , contrasted by means of entered in - gas). To an estimation of a condition of walls of a gullet apply (radiological research at simultaneous - a gullet air in conditions ). If necessary resort to a tomography, allows to examine a gullet mucous membrane on all extent, precisely to make by means of special nippers from suspicious sites, to make dabs for cytologic research. Remote slices of a fabric subject to histologic research. rigid - apply with the medical purpose to extraction of foreign matters and for forced a - gullet. The important additional method of diagnostics of functional and some organic diseases of a gullet ( , , hernias apertures of a diaphragm-, etc.) is (graphic record of reductions and a tone of walls of a gullet and it ). At differential diagnostics of organic and - functional narrowings of a gullet apply tests with nitroglycerine, , .

Efficiency Judge Not Only On Subjective Sensations Of

2009-02-03T18:02:00.000-08:00

Efficiency judge not only on subjective sensations of the patient, but also according to radiological and - researches During time and in a near time after it development of complications (rupture of a gullet with development , a sharp pishchevodno-gastric bleeding), - urgent measures demanding - acceptance is possible-. To early complications carry also insufficiency with development heavy a reflux-ezofagita In the nearest terms after excellent and good results mark almost at 95 % of patients, however in some years at 30 - 70 % of patients come the relapse demanding a refresher course of treatment. Operative treatment is symptomatic and is directed on elimination of impassability of pishchevodno-gastric transition. Indications to it are 1) impossibility to spend , 2) absence of therapeutic effect after repeated courses , 3) early the diagnosed ruptures of a gullet arising during expansion -, 4) expressed , developed after a restretching and not giving in to conservative therapy and , 5) sharp expansion, a S-shaped curvature - of a gullet in a combination to cicatricial changes in .

Or A Forward Wall Of A Rectum Arises

2009-02-03T11:31:00.000-08:00

or a forward wall of a rectum arises at a congestion in a cavity of a small basin inflammatory at a peritonitis or blood at a bleeding ". SHARP STOMACH Sharp stomach (the reasons, the basic clinical signs, - diagnostic methods at different investigation phases of the patient). The term "a sharp stomach" designate clinical , developing at damages and sharp diseases - of bodies of a belly cavity at which it is required or the urgent surgical help can be demanded. The first medical inspection of the patient is often made out of a hospital (in-home or in polyclinic). A problem of primary elementary diagnostics is recognition of a dangerous situation - and necessity of urgent surgical treatment. At a sharp stomach the forecast worsens eventually, therefore the doctor is obliged to hospitalise quickly the patient in profile establishment - where in the near future to the patient necessary diagnostic and medical actions should be carried out. Even at suspicion on a sharp stomach it is necessary to hospitalise the patient urgently-.

Forward The Hernia At Women Begins From Puzyrno-matochnogo

2009-01-28T21:45:00.000-08:00

Forward the hernia at women begins from puzyrno-matochnogo deepenings and leaves in the big sexual lip in its central part. Back the hernia begins at men from puzyrno-prjamokishechnogo deepenings , at women from matochno-prjamokishechnogo deepenings, passes from an intersciatic line through cracks in a muscle lifting back pass, and leaves in sedalishchno-prjamokishechnoj hollows. Back a hernia, leaving in hypodermic , settles down either in front, or behind apertures. Promezhnostnye hernias are more often observed at women. The bladder, female genitals happen contents of a hernial bag. At diagnostics about-mezhnostnyh hernias localisation hernial - has essential value-. Forward the hernia at women is necessary for differentiating with a hernia which also leaves in the big sexual lip. Manual research through a vagina helps diagnostics, hernial hernias can be probed between a vagina and a sciatic bone. Sciatic hernias, can leave through the big or small sciatic apertures. Hernial it is located under the big buttock muscle, sometimes leaves from under its bottom edge.

If To 3 - To 5 Years Has

2009-01-25T05:33:00.000-08:00

If to 3 - to 5 years has not come self-healings further independent the umbilical ring will not occur. Thus surgical treatment is shown. The indication to operation at earlier age are frequent partial infringements of a hernia, fast increase in the sizes of a hernia. Operation spend on stages: allocation and removal of a hernial bag, an umbilical ring a seam (on a method of Leksera) or the separate seams stitched for edges of defect in a longitudinal direction. At the big umbilical hernias - use a method of Sapezhko or Mayo (are described more low). During operation at children it is necessary to keep a navel as absence of a navel can put a mental trauma to the child. Umbilical hernias at adults make 5 % of all external hernias of a stomach. Development of umbilical hernias is observed at - women is more senior 40 years (80 %) more often-. The reasons of development of umbilical hernias: Congenital defects of umbilical area, repeated the pregnancy, proceeding without observance of a necessary mode, neglect physical exercises and gymnastics.

The Duodenal Gut Before Receipt In It Of

2009-01-23T04:28:00.000-08:00

The duodenal gut before receipt in it of a food chemical moustache - extends thanks to muscles relaxation a little. Thus, evacuation of a contained stomach is caused by sequence of reductions and changes pressure in department, pilori-cheskom the channel and in a duodenal gut. The antralnyj department and the gatekeeper provide regulation of duration of digestion of food in a stomach, are and the switching device. Thanks to the last the - reflux contained in a stomach is prevented-. Wandering nerves stimulate reductions of a stomach and lower a tone and bottom the Sympathetic nervous system has opposite an effect: brakes - and raises a tone . reduces a tone , and - cause reduction - . The basic functions of a stomach and duodenal gut consist that in a stomach the accepted food is exposed to primary digestion. Hydrochloric acid - of gastric juice has bactericidal an effect on stomach contents. Antralnyj department of a stomach, the channel, a duodenal gut. - Represent a uniform complex of motor activity.

The Somatic Pain Arises At Irritation Of Sensitive

2009-01-19T09:10:00.000-08:00

The somatic pain arises at irritation of sensitive - fibres of intercostal nerves ( , , a small epiploon) and at a nerve, . Somatic pain cause - 1) inflammatory or tumoral , a tension, , a friction - of the surfaces changed by inflammatory process-, 2) irritation gastric, intestinal, - pancreatic juice, bile, blood, urine, bacterial toxins-, 3) damages of intercostal nerves out of (a hematoma-, , a tumour), 4) an inflammation of nervous backs Localisation of a somatic pain corresponds to an irritation place - the Pain is accurately localised in that part of a body which the same segment of a spinal cord to which belongs given intercostal or a nerve Accurate localisation of a somatic pain is connected by that - intercostal nerves have projection fields in a cerebral cortex. The somatic pain happens cutting and burning, has constant character. pains arises when the irritation grasps the terminations of intercostal nerves in to the tyre or in Knowledge of typical directions - pains which is felt sometimes far from an irritation place-, facilitates recognition of the amazed body.

By Origin Diaphragm Hernias Divide On Traumatic (the

2009-01-13T15:01:00.000-08:00

By origin diaphragm hernias divide on traumatic (the section of "diaphragm Damage" see) and not traumatic. Among not traumatic hernias allocate: false congenital hernias (defects) of a diaphragm, true hernias of weak zones - of a diaphragm, true hernias of atypical localisation, a hernia of natural - apertures of a diaphragm ( apertures, rare hernias of natural apertures). False congenital hernias (defects) of a diaphragm are formed as a result existing in the period of messages between a chest and belly cavity. True hernias of weak zones of a diaphragm arise at - increase of intrabelly pressure and belly bodies through grudinno-costal space (a hernia of Larreja - Morgani - a hernia), the pojasnichno-costal - space (a hernia of Bohdaleka), is direct in area - diaphragm parts ( a hernia). Contents of a hernial bag can be an epiploon, cross-section a gut, fatty . True hernias of atypical localisation meet seldom and differ from a relaxation of a diaphragm presence of hernial gate, and consequently, possibility of development of infringement.

At A Dropsy Of Covers Between Leaves Of

2009-01-11T22:05:00.000-08:00

At a dropsy of covers between leaves of own cover the liquid accumulates and as a result the sizes increase. Difference of a dropsy of covers from pahovo-moshonochnoj hernias consists that the dropsy has roundish or oval, instead of the pear-shaped form, a consistence, a smooth surface. Palpated formation cannot be delimited from and its appendage. The big dropsy of covers , reaching an external aperture the channel, it is accurate from it can be separated at . At to a hernia palpated in formation has "the leg" leaving in the channel as in a hernial bag there are the contents which have left in it from a belly cavity of Perkutornyj a sound over a dropsy stupid, over a hernia can be . yields positive result at a dropsy of covers . make in a dark room by means of a small lamp densely put to a surface -. If palpated in formation contains a - transparent liquid it at will have reddish colour. Intestinal loops being in a hernial bag, an epiploon do not pass light beams. With a hernia has similarity expansion of veins seed at which in vertical position the patient has stupid holding apart pains and - some increase in the sizes is marked.

Ranevye Surfaces Are Covered By A Dense Scab,

2009-01-10T21:00:00.000-08:00

Ranevye surfaces are covered by a dense scab, easily bleed. Hem formation probably within last several months. In the remote terms (to 2 - 3 years) after a burn (a stage of late complications) on the first place in a clinical current act . From starvation the condition of the patient worsens ("Cicatricial narrowings of a gullet") see. Besides , development of a cancer, punching of a wall of a gullet and such complications, as a pneumonia, a lung abscess, , , pishchevodno-bronchial fistulas is possible. The URGENT HELP AT CHEMICAL BURNS of the GULLET And TREATMENT In the SHARP PERIOD the Urgent on-site assistance of incident. For removal of a pain by the patient introduction of drugs (, , etc.) is shown. For reduction and removals of a spasm of a gullet enter atropine, , . - Oral cavity washing, appointment preparations (a Dimedrol, , , etc.) is expedient. The important action directed on deducing and neutralisation of poison, washing of a stomach by means of a rubber probe is. Depending on character of the accepted substance for stomach washing use weak solutions of alkali or acid.

At All Patients With Suspicion On A Gullet

2009-01-08T07:55:00.000-08:00

At all patients with suspicion on a gullet cancer it is shown . Depending on the anatomic form of a cancer the tumour kind happens various. Initial forms of a cancer can look - as or a polyp. At - to the form mark local the gullet walls, revealed at pressing by the end . At the further - progressing the hilly weight covered grayish or for a short while is visible to a tumour. The tumour surface - easily bleeds at a touch. There is a concentric or unilateral narrowing of a gleam of a gullet. At the ulcer form define a bleeding tumour with the rough - pitted edges. The infiltrirujushchaja form is shown a rough bleeding mucous membrane, - narrowing of a gleam of a gullet. it is easily realizable at tumours, it is more difficult to receive for research a fabric slice - at ulcer and a cancer. At the negative answer in doubtful cases it is necessary to repeat. At it is necessary to make also cytologic - research of a contained gullet and dabs from tumour area. Cytologic research in a combination with at the - majority of patients allows to confirm or reject the cancer diagnosis.

The Greatest Damages - First Of All Arise

2009-01-06T02:55:00.000-08:00

The greatest damages - first of all arise in area furrows on a place guts a restraining ring. Eventually changes progress-. The restrained gut of sine-black colour, its serous cover dim, plural subserous hemorrhages. A gut flabby, not , vessels do not pulse. "Hernial water" muddy, character, has a smell. Nekrotichesky changes are accompanied by a gangrene of a wall of a gut, punching, development so-called a phlegmon and a peritonitis. At infringement of a gut it is considerably broken krovo - and not only in the restrained gut, but also in - resulting department of intestines. Owing to intestinal impassability intraintestinal pressure raises, gut walls - are stretched, squeezed veins, is broken -. The congestion in a wall and in gut cavities, overflow by its intestinal contents even more is aggravated with blood circulation infringements in connection with vnutriste-night arteries. First of all the mucous membrane on a considerable extent is damaged. From visible outside of border of the changed wall of a gut mucous membrane damage extends for 20 - 30 It see it is necessary to consider at definition of level of a resection of a resulting loop.

An Operational Wound Take In. In A Method

2009-01-04T22:46:00.000-08:00

An operational wound take in. In a method basis the principle of simultaneous - injection is put - in a zone destroyed and inflamed an antiseptic solution and this solution together with the contents accumulating in a zone of a posttraumatic purulent inflammation. There are various methods at gullet damages. - during time - it is possible at integrity preservation pleurae-. At damages cervical and gullet departments - use with hermetic . At - wounds of chest department of a gullet with damage of mediastinal th pleura it is shown access with simultaneous and a pleural cavity. Extrapleural active it is possible at damages - and gullet departments. To the Tonic-nie active tight at a - gullet allows to replace operation with carrying out in a stomach a thin-walled silicone probe for feeding of the patient. The resection of the damaged gullet is shown only at - tumours or at its sharp cicatricial change during the first hours after punching at people young and middle age. GULLET FOREIGN MATTERS The reasons of hit of foreign matters in a gullet can be: a habit to hold various subjects in a mouth (at small children, at workers of some trades), Negligence in cooking and hasty meal, deliberate various - subjects mentally sick.

Pains Behind A Breast And In A Back

2009-01-04T11:52:00.000-08:00

Pains behind a breast and in a back amplify, the short wind and a tachycardia accrues, the body temperature gets character, are replaced by down-pour sweats, formation of a hypodermic emphysema, cough occurrence at reception of liquid food is possible. , arisen in the sharp period, it can be shown by symptoms sharp , a pneumonia, a lung abscess. In hard cases in the presence of extensive surfaces on gullet walls probably development of a sepsis. The latent period is characterised by function infringement bodies that is caused by dystrophic - changes, albuminous starvation. By the end of month (a formation stage ) under the influence of treatment the burnt sites of a gullet heal. At 10 - 15 % of patients at radiological research find out absence longitudinal a mucous membrane, single or plural sites of narrowings of a gullet of various - extent. At 20 % of patients by the end of month of the phenomenon "alternating-" increase. At mark various extent the sites which healing - occurs inertly.

The Cavity Is Widely Informed With A Gullet

2008-12-29T10:06:00.000-08:00

The cavity is widely informed with a gullet gleam. At its mucous cover is inflamed, can be . at the majority of patients settle down - on a lobby or on the right lateral wall of a gullet, have the roundish or slightly extended form. Their diameter more than at , in the field of a neck often is available small narrowing. Even at the big sizes in the delay and decomposition of food weights is seldom marked. The wall has a structure of a wall of a gullet, the muscular cover can be badly expressed or there is no Mucous membrane at the - majority of patients is not changed Unions with the next - bodies usually it is not marked. Clinic and diagnostics: small glotochno-pishchevodnyj it is shown by feeling , in a throat, dry cough, sensation of a foreign matter in a drink, raised , sometimes spastic . In process of - increase filling by its food can be accompanied by gurgling noise at swallowing, to lead to development to different degree of expressiveness, to occurrence on a neck at head assignment back.

Sometimes - For Moving Seed More Dissect -

2008-12-26T03:08:00.000-08:00

Sometimes - for moving seed more dissect - internal slanting and cross-section muscles, in a crack place seed in a direction-. Under seed sew muscles so that they densely adjoined to it, but did not squeeze it. Further strengthen a wall in area the channel. Edge of a vagina of a direct muscle together with the connected sinew of internal slanting and cross-section muscles file to to a sheaf. Further the top rag together with internal slanting and cross-section - muscles file to lobkovo-podvzdoshnomu and to to a sheaf-. These seams should remove to a limit seed in the party (if muscles earlier have not been crossed). The bottom rag the external slanting muscle, spent under seed , fix over the top rag -. Again formed " the channel" with seed - should pass through myshechno-aponevrotichesky a layer in a slanting direction behind beforehand and from within so that its internal and external apertures have not appeared opposite each other. Seed stack on and over it - sew hypodermic and a skin.

Lymphatic Vessels Of Cervical Department Of A Gullet

2008-12-17T09:09:00.000-08:00

Lymphatic vessels of cervical department of a gullet take away a lymph to and to deep cervical lymph nodes. From chest department of a gullet lymph outflow occurs in , , lymph nodes. For the bottom third of gullet - lymph nodes are lymph nodes, knots in the field of left gastric and arteries the Part of lymphatic vessels of a gullet opens directly in a chest lymphatic channel. These can explain in certain cases earlier occurrence a metastasis, than metastasises in lymph nodes a gullet. Branches of wandering nerves form forward and back textures on a gullet surface. The fibres forming a nervous texture intermuscular and depart from them in a gullet wall. A cervical part of a gullet returnable nerves, chest branches of wandering nerves and a fibre of a sympathetic nerve, bottom branches a nerve. The parasympathetic department of nervous system - carries out regulation of motor function of a gullet and physiological . The role of sympathetic nervous system in gullet physiology definitively is not found out.

The Reasons Of A Sharp Stomach The Following.

2008-11-29T10:31:00.000-08:00

The reasons of a sharp stomach the following. 1. Damages of bodies of a belly cavity. 2. Sharp inflammatory diseases of bodies of a belly - cavity, including a peritonitis. 3. Punching of hollow body. 4. Mechanical intestinal impassability. 5. Sharp infringements the arterial and venous - blood circulation, conducting to a heart attack of intestines and a gangrene, accompanied by dynamic intestinal impassability. 6. Internal bleedings in a gleam of a gastroenteric path and in a cavity . 7. Sharp inflammatory processes in uterus appendages, - extra-uterine pregnancy, , legs or tumours , uterus or tumour knot . The basic clinical signs of a sharp stomach: a belly-ache-, an anaemia, a shock (the scheme 1). The following enters into methods of primary research of the patient. The anamnesis: time and the beginning of occurrence of a pain (sudden, - gradual), pain localisation; and the phenomena-; temperature; the diseases of bodies of a belly cavity transferred in the past and operation on stomach bodies Survey: the compelled position of the patient; the anxiety of the patient, changes a pose; , block; dehydration signs (the pointed features, dryness of mucous membranes of an oral cavity); pallor, a jaundice, allocation (vomiting, a chair, blood).

With The Beginning Of Feeding Milk Is Belched

2008-11-28T10:50:00.000-08:00

With the beginning of feeding milk is belched and arrives in a mouth . The stenosis can be as a result of a hypertrophy of a muscular - cover, presence in a wall of a gullet fibrous or - rings, formations by a mucous membrane of thin membranes. Small stenoses long time proceed and are shown only at reception of rough food. At the - expressed stenosis it is marked , during time and after meal. Gradually occurs razviti - gullet expansions, food weights are late in it and - are exposed to rotting, there is a putrefactive smell from a mouth. Congenital bronho - fistulas (the section "Inflammatory diseases of a trachea" see). Gullet doubling - rare anomaly. The gleam - can be isolated or to have the message with the basic channel of a gullet. The gleam isolated is filled by a secret allocated their mucous, sometimes they look like , in other cases are informed with a trachea or a bronchial tube. In process of growth symptoms a gullet and respiratory ways develop, at patients develops , there is a cough, a short wind.

Are Most Often Observed Hernias (75 %), Then

2008-11-27T23:19:00.000-08:00

Are most often observed hernias (75 %), then femoral (8 %), umbilical (4 %), postoperative (12 %) hernias-, 1 % is made by all other forms of hernias. At men - happen hernias, at women - femoral and umbilical is more often-. In an origin of hernias many factors, as local, and the general matter. Local factors: features of an anatomic structure of area hernias. To them carry the channel through which at men passes seed , the femoral channel through which take place femoral vessels, area of a navel and a white line of a stomach where there are free intervals from muscles. The general factors promoting formation of a hernia, divide on contributing and making. Contributing factors: a heredity, age (a weak belly wall at children of the first year of a life, an atrophy of fabrics of a belly wall at old people), a floor (features of a structure of a basin and the big sizes of a femoral ring at women, the big weakness areas at men), features of a constitution, fatness degree (a fast weight loss), frequent childbirth, a trauma of a belly wall, postoperative hems, a paralysis of nerves, a belly wall.

At The Healthy Person In The Conditions Of

2008-11-24T11:17:00.000-08:00

At the healthy person in the conditions of rest within an hour it is allocated about 50 ml of gastric juice. Production of gastric juice in connection with - digestion process - and as a result reactions of an organism to action of harmful factors (mental and physical) increases-. The secretion of gastric juice connected with food intake, conditionally divide into three phases: brain , gastric and intestinal. Ability of gastric juice to damage and digest living tissues - is connected with presence of hydrochloric acid and . In a stomach of the healthy person, aggressive properties kislotno-pepticheskogo the factor of gastric juice are eliminated thanks to neutralised action food, a saliva, the alkaline slime, thrown in a stomach contents, and as a result influences . Protect fabrics of a stomach and a duodenal gut from gastric juice a protective barrier of a mucous membrane, the local fabric resistance, the integrated system of the mechanisms stimulating and braking secretion of hydrochloric acid, a motility of a stomach and a duodenal gut.

It Allows To Differentiate - Disease From Other

2008-11-19T22:09:00.000-08:00

It allows to differentiate - disease from other aetiology. And a pain it is possible to stop a heartburn change of position of a body of the patient, food intake, alkaline waters, soda, weak solutions hydrochloric or - organic acids (at in a gullet of pancreatic or alkaline intestinal juice). The frequent complaint is the empty - eructation. Eventually patients have symptoms dis-fagii which are caused in the beginning by functional infringements-, and then the expressed inflammatory hypostasis of a mucous membrane - and development of cicatricial changes in a gullet. Cicatricial - narrowing of a gullet leads to heartburn reduction, the basic - symptoms of disease become , pains, . If disease arises against a stomach ulcer, a hernia apertures of a diaphragm, a cholecystitis, etc. in a - clinical picture symptoms of the basic disease can prevail-. In the absence of timely treatment and disease progressing there can be complications . The Most frequent complication is the bleeding. The latent bleedings find out almost constantly, expressed (with vomiting or -) - is rare.

On The Left Lateral Area Are Projected: Descending

2008-11-13T19:36:00.000-08:00

On the left lateral area are projected: descending a gut, a part of loops of a small intestine, the left kidney with . In area are projected, small intestine loops, a bladder, a uterus. H right podvzdoshno-pahovuju area are projected: a blind gut with - a shoot, final department guts, right , the - right appendages of a uterus, right vessels. On left podvzdoshno-pahovuju area are projected: a gut, left , the left appendages of a uterus, left vessels. Projections of bodies of a belly cavity to stomach walls depend on a constitution and vary with the years the patient. RESEARCH METHODS One of the basic symptoms of diseases of bodies of a belly cavity is the belly-ache. Revealing of a kind and a pain origin gives the important instructions on certain diseases. It is necessary to find out: the pain beginning (sudden, gradual), pain development in time (initial and later localisation, , change of intensity and character of a pain), symptoms accompanying a pain (, the phenomena, rise in temperature of a body, change of a pulse rate and - arterial pressure) By origin distinguish pains , somatic and .

Conditionally Allocate Four Stages Of Clinical Displays -

2008-11-10T14:37:00.000-08:00

Conditionally allocate four stages of clinical displays - of disease: I stage - sharp (the period sharp -); II stage - a stage chronic (a stage of "imaginary well-being"); III stage - a formation stage with 2 - 3 to 2 - 3 years (organic narrowing - of a gullet); IV stage - a stage of late complications (a gleam obliteration, punching of a wall of a gullet, cancer development). On weight of defeat in a sharp stage allocate three degrees - of a burn of a gullet: easy (first), average weight (second) and heavy (third). The first degree of a burn results from intake of a small amount of caustic substance in small concentration or hot food. Blankets on or a smaller site of a gullet are thus damaged. The second degree of a burn is characterised by more extensive on all depth of a mucous membrane. The third degree of a burn - grasps a mucous membrane-, and muscular layers, extends on and the next bodies. Defeat of a gullet by acid or alkali can - be accompanied by defeat of a stomach, duodenal and initial department of a lean gut with occurrence of sites and - their punching that conducts to peritonitis development in the sharp period-, and also to cicatricial deformations of a stomach subsequently.

Treatment: To The Majority Of Patients With Not

2008-11-08T19:41:00.000-08:00

Treatment: to the majority of patients with not complicated - a gullet ulcer spend conservative treatment a diet (a table 1, 1, ""), a fractional food, , enveloping, astringents, preparations, - vitamins, sedative therapy To the period clinical - symptoms and ulcer scarring spend physiotherapeutic treatment. All patient recommend to avoid the positions promoting occurrence zheludochno-pishchevodnogo of a reflux. At an ulcer bleeding spend therapy, coagulation - of a bleeding vessel through At presence a gullet good effect give , in the Spring and recommend carrying out of preventive courses of treatment Surgical treatment it is shown in the absence of effect from conservative therapy, in the presence of disease complications (the punching, not stopping plentiful bleeding, - extended , absence of effect from ), a combination of an ulcer of a gullet to insufficiency , a hernia diaphragm apertures, the congenital or got - short gullet in the autumn--. Make on Nissenu in a combination with selective or at rough anatomic changes a resection of a gullet with .

More Than In 50 % Of Cases The

2008-11-04T05:50:00.000-08:00

More than in 50 % of cases the foreign matter freely passes on a gullet and through other departments of a gastroenteric path and leaves a natural - way. Sharp foreign matters (needles, nails, the fish and meat bones, etc.) jam in initial department of a gullet, large subjects are late in places of physiological narrowings of a gullet (at level tracheas, over ). The foreign matter delay in a gullet is promoted by its pathological changes (a tumour, good-quality , , etc.), and also a spasm muscles in reply to irritation of a mucous membrane a foreign matter. Clinic and diagnostics: symptoms depend on character - of a foreign matter, level of its delay in a gullet, a damage rate of a wall of a gullet. Patients have sensation of fear, sensation of constraint, pressure or a sore throat, in area poles or behind a breast. These sensations amplify at a saliva, a liquid. A frequent symptom is which is caused not only a foreign matter, but also development of a spasm of muscles of a gullet and an inflammatory hypostasis of its mucous membrane.

The Violent Reposition Of The Restrained Hernia Made

2008-10-31T12:23:00.000-07:00

The violent reposition of the restrained hernia made by the patient, is observed seldom. In medical institutions violent reposition of a hernia is forbidden At violent reposition of the restrained hernia there can be damages of a hernial bag and contents of a hernia up to rupture of a gut and it to development of a peritonitis and an intrabelly bleeding-. The peritonitis, an intrabelly bleeding are indications to emergency operation the operation Purpose - audit of bodies of a belly cavity, a bleeding stop, removal of a source of a peritonitis, a belly cavity (sm "Peritonitis"). At violent reposition the hernial bag can be displaced in space together with the contents restrained in area of a neck of a hernial bag. At a separation in the field of a neck of a hernial bag there can be an immersing of the restrained loop of a gut together with a restraining ring in a belly cavity or in space. Important in due time to distinguish imaginary board of a hernia as at the patient the phenomena of intestinal - impassability and a peritonitis can quickly develop-.

Most Often Happen In Chest Department Of A

2008-10-30T00:52:00.000-07:00

Most often happen in chest department of a gullet. Pathological anatomy: glotochno-pishchevodnye develop slowly, drinks are formed in a back wall, is direct over an input in a gullet, more often in the field of a triangle of Lane - Gakkermana where the muscular cover drinks is presented by weak muscular bunches - drinks, is more rare - in the field of a triangle of Lajmepa limited from above m.cricopharyngeus, and from sides - - longitudinal muscular fibres than a wall. The major importance in formation has perstnevidno-pharyngeal muscles (infringement of disclosing - top in reply to swallowing). go down downwards between a back wall of a gullet and a backbone, can be displaced under lateral muscles of a neck. Their size is various, they have a wide mouth. The wall does not contain muscular - fibres, usually not with surrounding fabrics, - its internal surface is covered by a mucous membrane drinks, on it there can be superficial erosion or hems. settle down on a forward or left lateral wall of a gullet is more often, their diameter seldom exceeds 1 - 2 the Bottom see is usually directed upwards and with the - next bodies, the wall has a structure of a wall of a gullet.

At Detection A Blind Gut Make Median And

2008-10-28T16:39:00.000-07:00

At detection a blind gut make median and carry out a resection of the right half of thick gut with imposing . Operation finish plastic arts of hernial gate. At bladder walls the resection of a bladder with - imposing is necessary-. In hard cases - also impose . The sixth stage - the restrained epiploon separate sites without formation of the big general . With massive an epiploon probably and occurrence - as a result of this bleeding from vessels of an epiploon of century a belly cavity. The seventh stage - at a choice of a method of a plasticity of hernial gate it is necessary to prefer the most simple. For example, at small slanting hernias at young men it is necessary to apply a way Zhirara - Spasokukotsky - Kimbarovsky, at straight lines and difficult hernias - ways Bassini and Postempsky. At the restrained hernia complicated by a phlegmon of a hernial bag, operation should be begun with median (the first stage) for danger reduction a belly cavity contents of a hernial bag. During time make a resection of a gut within viable fabrics.

Occasionally Develops - A Cancer. From Other Malignant

2008-10-27T14:27:00.000-07:00

Occasionally develops - a cancer. From other malignant tumours - of a gullet it is necessary to note , consisting of ferruterous both elements, and (a cancer and sarcoma combination). The international classification of a cancer of a gullet provides the - tumour characteristic on system TNM. - a primary tumour TIs - . THAT - is not present display of a primary tumour. 1 - The tumour involves less than 5 sm of length of a gullet, without causing gleam narrowing. There is no circular defeat of walls of a gullet. Vnepishchevodnogo - distribution of a tumour is not present. 2 - A tumour more than 5 sm on length of a gullet. The tumour of any size - causing narrowing of a gullet. A tumour extending on all walls - of a gullet. Vnepishchevodnogo distribution of a tumour is not present. - the tumour extends on the next structures. N - lymph nodes NO - lymph nodes are not palpated. N1 - Mobile lymph nodes on the defeat party. N1a - The increased lymph nodes do not contain metastasises. N1b - The increased lymph nodes contain metastasises.

A Cancer Of This Localisation Treat By Means

2008-10-26T09:24:00.000-07:00

A cancer of this localisation treat by means of beam therapy more successfully. At a cancer gullet department make operation - of Dobromyslova-Tereka. From access - delete chest department of a gullet and impose . Subsequently (later 3 - 6 ) create an artificial gullet from thick or a small intestine. At strong young men probably performance of a resection of a gullet with imposing between the rest of a gullet and the stomach moved to the right pleural cavity (Lewis's operation). At a cancer department of a gullet choice operation is the resection of a gullet with one-stage imposing intrachest pishchevodno-gastric under an arch of an aorta or at its level. Good results from the combined beam and surgical treatment are received. Preoperative beam therapy spend on a beta throne or in a dose 30 - 50 Gr (3000 - 5000 it is glad). Influencing the basic centre of defeat and the possible centres , beam therapy allows to translate a tumour from doubtful in , to eliminate accompanying inflammatory changes.

The Ends A Gut Site Take In. Between

2008-10-16T23:26:00.000-07:00

The ends a gut site take in. Between resulting and taking away loops impose the end in the end or a side sideways At this stage of operation - cavity isolation from a cavity of a hernial bag can be carried out-. With that end in view round a mouth of a hernial bag dissect - and it in the parties on 1,5 - 2 see Resulting and taking away loops guts near to hernial gate stitch two numbers of mechanical seams (or tie up two ). Then between seams cross loops guts and delete them together with their part Over the blind ends of the restrained - gut which are in a hernial bag, sew - . Edges sew. Thus the cavity is isolated from a cavity of a hernial bag. A wound of a belly wall take in tightly. The second stage - surgical processing of the purulent centre (a - hernial phlegmon). Radical surgical processing of the purulent centre - consists in impractical, , - fabrics. , sharp skin - its harbingers of the subsequent . An authentic sign of viability of fabrics is the plentiful capillary - bleeding.

Hernial Is In Close Contact To A Sciatic

2008-10-16T18:20:00.000-07:00

Hernial is in close contact to a sciatic nerve, therefore pains can on a nerve course. Sciatic hernias are more often observed at women in connection with in the width of a female basin. The small intestine, the big epiploon can be hernia contents. Treatment: the surgical. COMPLICATIONS OF EXTERNAL HERNIAS OF THE STOMACH Complications of external hernias of a stomach: infringement, , not-vpravimost, an inflammation. The infringement of a hernia is the most frequent and dangerous complication - of a hernia demanding immediate surgical treatment. The bodies which have left in a hernial bag are exposed more often at level of a neck of a hernial bag in hernial collars. Infringement of bodies in the most hernial bag probably in one of chambers of a hernial bag, in the presence of cicatricial , - squeezing bodies at unions of bodies with each other and with a hernial - bag (at hernias). The infringement of a hernia arises more often at people of middle age and at old people. Femoral hernias are restrained in 5 times more often, than and umbilical.

The - Hernial Bag Is Formed By Means

2008-10-09T20:41:00.000-07:00

The - hernial bag is formed by means of a stretching and progressing - . Clinic and diagnostics: the Basic symptoms - of disease are a pain in the field of a hernia and in a stomach, presence in one of hernial zones. appears at or in vertical position of the patient, - disappears or decreases in horizontal position after manual reposition. The pain in the field of hernial arises at - physical activity, walking, sharp movements, at changes - of barometric pressure. Quite often there is a nausea, an eructation, a stomach swelling, locks. Hernia development occurs, as a rule, slowly. In the beginning in a place of a formed hernia there is a pricking pain at physical activity, walking, run, weight lifting. After a while appears which disappears in horizontal position of the patient and again arises at - physical activity. gradually increases, - gets the roundish or oval form. At the hernias which have sharply arisen - at the moment of sharp increase of intrabelly pressure, patients feel a severe pain in the field of a formed hernia, sudden occurrence a belly wall and a hemorrhage - in surrounding fabrics.

Treatment: In Connection With Infringement Possibility At -

2008-10-08T06:59:00.000-07:00

Treatment: in connection with infringement possibility at - operation is shown a hernia. At right-hand localisation of a hernia operation make through access to the fourth , at hernias the best - access - top median , at link sided hernias it is shown access to the seventh - the eighth -. After division of unions, clearings of edges of defect in a diaphragm reduce the moved bodies in a belly cavity and take in defect separate central seams with formation . At the big sizes of defect resort to alloplasti-cheskomu to replacement of a diaphragm by artificial limbs from kapron, nylon, teflon, lavsan, etc. At hernias (a hernia of Larreja, a hernia) reduce the moved bodies, turn out and cut at a neck a hernial bag, impose and consistently fasten P-shaped seams on edges of defect of a diaphragm and a back leaf of a vagina of belly muscles, a breast and edges. At hernias of pojasnichno-costal space defect - of a diaphragm take in separate seams with - formation . At restrained hernias access -.

The Distalnyj Site Of A Gullet Is Sharply

2008-10-08T04:13:00.000-07:00

The distalnyj site of a gullet is sharply narrowed, in it find out a dystrophy cages and fibres nervous textures up to their �destruction. In a - muscular layer observe a dystrophy of muscular fibres, growth of a connecting fabric, especially in a wall of the narrowed segment, - , expansion of vessels, occurrence round them - from and plasmatic cages. In all layers walls and in surrounding fabrics find out signs - of inflammatory process. A gullet mucous membrane , , places . - Changes near to the narrowed site of a gullet are More expressed-. Clinic and diagnostics: for the - triad of symptoms is characteristic: , , pains. - the basic and in most cases the first symptom of disease-. At one patients it arises suddenly, as though among full health, at others develops gradually. Strengthening at the majority of patients mark after nervous excitation-, during hasty meal, at reception of the dense, dry and badly chewed food. It is sometimes observed paradoxical -: the dense food passes in a stomach better, than liquid and semi-fluid.

Long Inflammatory Process Can Lead To Cicatricial Changes

2008-09-25T11:05:00.000-07:00

Long inflammatory process can lead to cicatricial changes in a gullet, its shortening and development or progressing of a hernia to food of a water aperture - of a diaphragm. Gullet punching at usually does not happen. The diagnosis establish at presence at sick characteristic symptoms of disease, the data - of radiological research - and . Radiological - research allows - to find out zheludochno-pishchevodnyj a reflux, especially - at research of patients - and a prone position, . (a smoothness, or deformation of folds of a mucous membrane, local or a thickening the walls, insufficient elasticity of a wall of the amazed - site, narrowing of a gleam of a gullet, etc.) At - mark various degree and prevalence - inflammatory changes of a mucous membrane of a gullet: 0 stage _ a - normal mucous membrane; I stage - not merging defects of a mucous membrane; II stage - merging, but not circular defects, III stage - circular ' that cover; IV stage - complications illnesses (ulcers, , a short gullet, ' ).

After A Section Of A Restraining Ring Investigate

2008-09-23T13:49:00.000-07:00

After a section of a restraining ring investigate - contents of a hernial bag. At viability preservation the dropped out - body set in a belly cavity, at irreversible - changes - . Defect in a diaphragm take in. HERNIAS OF THE APERTURE OF THE DIAPHRAGM Hernias can be congenital and got. Allocate sliding (axial) and hernias - diaphragm apertures. Sliding hernias. The kardialnyj department of a stomach located -, moves above a diaphragm on an axis of a gullet and takes part in formation of a wall of a hernial bag. Sliding hernias on classification. V.Petrovskogo and . N.Kanshina subdivide on , , and huge (subtotal and total - gastric) at which occurs a stomach in a chest - cavity. The sliding hernia can be fixed and - unstable. Besides, allocate the got short gullet ( I degree is located over a diaphragm at level of 4 sm, above 4 sm - II degree) and a congenital short gullet (a chest stomach). On to the factor sliding hernias can be , and mixed. The major importance - in development of the got sliding hernias diaphragm apertures has the mechanism arising at reduction of longitudinal muscles of a gullet as a result of reflexes from a stomach and other bodies at a stomach ulcer, a cholecystitis and other diseases.

At Research Mark Tone Decrease , Infringement -

2008-09-23T02:23:00.000-07:00

At research mark tone decrease , infringement - a type gullet , zheludochno-pishchevodnyj a - reflux which also can be confirmed by the data rN-metrii (decrease to 4,0 and more low) (a sm technique in section "Special methods of research"). Treatment: paramount action is treatment of the basic disease creating conditions for zheludochno-pishchevodnogo of a reflux (a hernia diaphragm apertures, pi-loroduodenalnyj a stenosis, ). Conservative treatment is directed on reflux decrease, reduction of displays -, the prevention of increase of intrabelly pressure. The patient - recommend to avoid the positions of a body facilitating occurrence - of a reflux, to sleep with highly raised headboard of a bed. Depending on degree appoint mechanically and chemically sparing diet (table No 1, 16, 1 on Pevzneru). A food should be frequent (4 - 6 times a day), last food intake for 3 - 4 to a dream. Appoint , enveloping-, astringents, , , preparations, sedative, means, vitamins. At bleedings and spend therapy, at stenoses - .

However At The Majority Of Patients Of A

2008-09-19T07:53:00.000-07:00

However at the majority of patients of a pain arise at overflow of a gullet and disappear after or passages - of food to a stomach. Some patients have attacks spontaneous support a breast as painful crises Similar pains observe in a disease initial stage, sometimes in addition before development and which not always - act in film atropine or nitroglycerine is more often - that allows to assume - their communication with progressing dystrophic process in a nervous texture of a gullet. Pains on an empty stomach or after vomiting are is more often caused and act in film food intake. An eructation air, the nausea, the raised salivation, burning on the gullet course, an unpleasant smell from a mouth also - are caused . At patients both with sharp, and with the gradual beginning of disease - in due course symptoms progress: amplifies , arises is more often. Many patients hesitate of the lack, become closed, painfully sensitive. The - most frequent complication of disease is stagnant which arises at a long delay of food weights in a gullet.

Distinctive Signs From Infringements Are Resulted In 6.

2008-09-11T00:41:00.000-07:00

Distinctive signs from infringements are resulted in 6. Treatment: clearing of a thick gut of contents. At hernias it is necessary to try to keep a hernia in the set condition then it is easier to achieve restoration intestines. Apply small enemas with a - hypertensive solution of chloride of sodium, with glycerine or repeated siphon enemas with deeply entered probe to guts. Application of a depletive as overflow of a resulting loop by contents can cause transition in the form of infringement of a hernia is counter-indicative. can owing to in hernial collars of a taking away loop to pass in the form of infringement of a hernia. Signs intestinal impassability accrue. The belly-ache amplifies, gets character, vomiting becomes frequent. Further owing to overflow in weights of the gut which are in a hernial bag, occurs hernial collars of all loop of a gut and it . There is a mixed form of infringement of a gut. From this point on there are signs - impassability of intestines. The infringement of the big epiploon causes a constant pain in the field of hernial .

Owing To Mucous Membrane Damage The Intestinal Wall

2008-09-09T14:22:00.000-07:00

Owing to mucous membrane damage the intestinal wall becomes nontight for microbes that conducts to peritonitis development. There can be a punching of a resulting loop in area furrows. In a taking away loop of the restrained gut of infringement krovo arise throughout 10 - 15 see Kinds of infringements of hernias and their recognition Clinical displays of infringement of a hernia depend on the form of the infringement, the restrained body, time last from the moment of infringement by the Basic symptoms of infringement of a hernia are a pain in the field of a hernia and a hernia which were earlier freely set. Intensity of a pain the various. The sharp pain can cause a faint, a state of shock Local signs of infringement of a hernia, hernial is sharply painful at , dense, strained. a push it is not possible to reveal a symptom. At it is defined if the hernial bag contains an epiploon a bladder, "hernial water". The perkutornyj sound happens if in a hernial bag there is a gut containing gas.

Early Reception Of Mixture And Food As Though

2008-08-30T20:06:00.000-07:00

Early reception of mixture and food as though carries out "soft" a gullet. Formation of hems is interfered also by appointment (, , etc.) Which detain development and reduce inflammatory changes in a gullet. Now carrying out early (with 9 - 11th day) a gullet during 1 - 1 1/2 in a combination to hypodermic introduction or during 2 is recognised expedient. Too early, before this term begun gives opposite effect, causing an aggravation of inflammatory process in a gullet and scarring strengthening. Before the beginning it is necessary to make - which will allow to establish burn degree, absence fabrics. a gullet it is unsafe and can become complicated its punching with development purulent and a pleurisy, therefore he should be spent carefully. Hyperbaric oxygenation is applied to preventive maintenance of cicatricial stenoses of a gullet which reduces depth of a zone , delimits , promotes clarification to a surface and causes it by the end of 1st month. suppresses formation of a connecting fabric that leads to development more friable, thin and a gullet hem.

RARE SPECIES OF HERNIAS OF THE STOMACH Hernias

2008-08-26T03:05:00.000-07:00

RARE SPECIES OF HERNIAS OF THE STOMACH Hernias a shoot are formed in the presence of defects in it. Through crevices and apertures in a shoot can be stuck out as , and the Diagnosis it is possible to put true hernias on the basis of the found out consolidation in area a shoot, defect presence in a shoot and the data a shoot. Treatment: the surgical Delete a hernial bag and a shoot of the Hernia semilunar lines are localised on a line connecting a navel with top forward of the bone at a place of transition of muscular fibres of internal slanting and cross-section muscles of a stomach in a stretching. Treatment: the surgical. At small hernias hernial gate close - by suture; at the big hernias after sewing together of muscles it is necessary to create . Lumbar hernias. Weak zones of lumbar area are the triangle - of Peti and an interval of Lesgafta - Grjunfelda. The triangle of Peti is formed by lateral - edge of a wide muscle of a back, back edge of an external slanting muscle of a stomach the triangle basis the comb bones is.

In Cases Heavy A Reflux-ezofagita Make Or Transpleural

2008-08-23T21:56:00.000-07:00

In cases heavy a reflux-ezofagita make or transpleural with a stomach in a chest cavity. Congenital insufficiency treat conservatively. Usually eventually there comes function normalisation . GULLET DAMAGES Gullet damages divide on internal (closed) from outside a mucous membrane and the external - necks (opened) at - getting wounds and a thorax. Internal damages of a gullet are possible during - carrying out of diagnostic and medical actions: at -, a gullet, . There are gullet wounds from within at hit in it of foreign matters (see "Gullet foreign matters"). gullet walls arise at a long finding in it of probes, from pressure or tubes. Punching of a wall of a gullet can occur at its various diseases: tumours, an ulcer, chemical burns. At an irradiation of malignant tumours of damage of a gullet arise owing to tumour disintegration. Stupid traumas of a neck, thorax and stomach can lead to infringement of a food and walls of a gullet as a result of its squeezing between a breast and bodies of vertebras Thus often mark damage of the next bodies the Straight line to a gullet trauma can occur during operations on bodies and lungs.

Bottom Possesses "unilateral - Passableness". Pressure Suffices For

2008-08-18T01:12:00.000-07:00

Bottom possesses "unilateral - passableness". Pressure suffices For advancement of a contained gullet through penalties-diju in 4 mm hg, in a return direction movement is possible only at increase of pressure to 80 mm hg In norm pressure in the field of physiological above, than in a gullet and a bottom of a stomach, and is equal on the average 22 - 28 mm hg It are caused by the tonic reduction of circular muscular - fibres interfering zheludochno-pishchevodnomu a reflux. The - greatest value has a part physiological - which interferes with a reflux at a considerable difference of pressure in a chest and belly cavity. The normal anatomic arrangement of a gullet in relation to a diaphragm is very important for correct functioning of the closing mechanism physiological . Hit gastric - contained in a gullet is interfered also presence of "the mucous socket" in the field of pishchevodno-gastric , by an acute angle of Gisa, presence of the valve of Gubarev - folds of a mucous membrane at a junction of a gullet with a stomach, a switching reflex on at irritation of a mucous membrane department of a stomach food, etc.

At Disintegration And Knots The Macroscopical Picture Differs

2008-08-15T16:41:00.000-07:00

At disintegration and knots the macroscopical picture differs from a picture of an ulcer cancer a little. The ulcer type of a cancer of a gullet meets approximately at 30 % of patients. In an initial stage of disease represents a small knot in thickness of a mucous membrane which quickly is exposed . The tumour grows mainly along a gullet, amazing all layers of its wall and extending on surrounding bodies and fabrics. Edges of the formed ulcer dense, the bottom is pruinose is dirty-grayish colour. Tumour early in and the remote lymph nodes. In a wall of a gullet throughout 5 - 6 sm from tumour edge often develop cancer . The infiltrativnaja form of a cancer of a gullet makes about 10 %. The tumour develops in deep layers of a mucous membrane, quickly amazes a layer and extends mainly on a gullet circle. Expanding, the tumour grasps all layers of a wall of a gullet, its gleam. On length the tumour seldom occupies more than 3 - 4 sm, is characterised by plentiful development -, slowly .

At A Congenital Short Gullet And Insufficiency There

2008-08-13T12:00:00.000-07:00

At a congenital short gullet and insufficiency there is a reflux-ezofagit, the ulcer, and then a gullet develops , - frequent complication is the pneumonia. The diagnosis congenital anomaly of development of a gullet - establish by means of radiological research at which into a gullet gleam on thin enter 1 - 2 ml . Research allows to find out the blind end - of a gullet, level of its arrangement, extent and narrowing size, gullet expansion, presence - of the message of a gleam of a gullet with bronchial tubes or a trachea. At gullet doubling mark an additional shade with the accurate contours, adjoining a shade and pushing aside a gullet. At a short gullet it has no bends, and the stomach part is located - above a diaphragm. Insufficiency is shown zheludochno-pishchevodnym by a reflux of contrast substance during research. The big role in diagnostics of developmental anomalies - of a gullet play ezofago - and . Treatment: features of surgical treatment a - gullet are defined by its kind.

Apply : Allocate From Surrounding Fabrics To A

2008-08-10T07:43:00.000-07:00

Apply : allocate from surrounding fabrics to a neck, make , it and take in an aperture in a gullet wall. At considerable muscular defect or an atrophy - of muscular fibres of a gullet make plastic restoration of its wall by a rag of a diaphragm, a pleura. apply only at the small sizes . after operation makes 1 - 1,5 %. GOOD-QUALITY TUMOURS AND THE GULLET Good-quality tumours of a gullet and are observed seldom. Pathological anatomy: tumours in relation to a gullet wall can be and . On a histologic - structure of a tumour divide on ( - polyps, papillomas) and (, , fibromas, , , , , , etc.). Vnutriprosvetnye tumours settle down more often in or gullet department, - in - its bottom two thirds. From good-quality tumours - of a gullet the most frequent kind is , - developing of smooth muscular fibres. The place second for frequency among good-quality - gullet formations occupy (, , ). represent the thin-walled - formations containing a light viscous liquid. The wall consists of a fibrous fabric with an impurity of smooth muscular fibres and a cartilage.

At A Thrombosis Of Venous Knot The Big

2008-08-01T03:46:00.000-07:00

At a thrombosis of venous knot the big hypodermic vein tie up and cross at a place of its confluence of a deep vein of a hip to warn and thrombosis distribution on a deep vein of a hip. A trombirovannuju vein . Sudden infringement of earlier not coming to light hernias. On a belly - wall in typical for formation of hernias sites can remain after a birth (predsushche-stvujushchie hernial bags). More often such preprepared hernial bag in areas is brjushinno-pahovyj a shoot the Reason of sudden occurrence of a hernia and its infringement sharp increase of intrabelly pressure (- considerable physical pressure, strong cough, ) is-. In the anamnesis patients do not have instructions on signs before - existing hernias: , painful sensations in the places typical for localisation of hernias. The basic sign of suddenly arisen restrained hernias - acute pain occurrence in typical places hernias. At sudden occurrence of an acute pain in areas, in the field of the femoral channel, in a navel it is necessary - to define at inspection - of the patient at the most painful sites corresponding to hernial collars.

Small Hernias With The Narrow And Rubtsovo-changed Neck

2008-07-31T01:19:00.000-07:00

Small hernias with the narrow and rubtsovo-changed neck of a hernial bag are restrained more often, than the big hernias. The infringement is not destiny only a hernia long existing. The hernia at occurrence can prove infringement at once. Frequency of separate kinds of hernias at adult patients with the restrained hernias: hernias - 43,5 %, postoperative hernias - 19,2 %, umbilical hernias - 16,9 %, femoral hernias - 16 %, hernias of a white line of a stomach - 4,4 %. Any body can be restrained, the small intestine and the big epiploon are more often restrained. On the occurrence mechanism distinguish , and mixed, or combined, infringement. The Elastichesky infringement occurs at the moment of sudden - increase of intrabelly pressure at physical activity, cough, , etc. Thus there comes a restretching of hernial gate therefore in a hernial bag leaves more than usually an internal. Returning of hernial gate in a former condition leads to infringement of contents of a hernia. At infringement the left.

Among Other Symptoms Gullet Narrowings Are Often Observed

2008-07-21T17:04:00.000-07:00

Among other symptoms gullet narrowings are often observed pains of a breast at the food intake, raised , an eructation, a heartburn. As a result of food infringement the exhaustion of patients progresses. To one of the most frequent complications of cicatricial narrowing of a gullet is a gullet food at which ( urgent medical aid is necessary for extraction of a food lump). - Owing to food and it chronic inflammatory diseases of bronchial tubes and lungs often develop - in respiratory ways. - As a result of longitudinal cicatricial shortening of a gullet probably formation or hernia increase diaphragm apertures. Development of a cancer tumour in area is possible. At patients with stenoses more often, than at healthy people, punching of a gullet is observed during tool researches. The diagnosis of a stenosis of a gullet is confirmed with the data of the anamnesis and radiological research with liquid and dense contrast - substance. Gullet narrowings have the form, the relief of a mucous membrane in the field of narrowing is absent, is not defined.

Borders Of A Femoral Ring: From Above -

2008-07-20T14:31:00.000-07:00

Borders of a femoral ring: from above - a sheaf; from below - a comb bones; outside - a femoral vein; to the middle - a sheaf. In normal conditions of the femoral channel does not exist. It is formed at formation of a femoral hernia. The oval pole on wide hips is an external aperture of the femoral channel. The most frequent form of a hernia is the hernia leaving a belly cavity through a femoral ring. The hernial bag advances ahead of itself and a lymph node of Pirogova - Rozenmjullera. Leaving from under sheaves, the hernia settles down in an oval pole from a femoral vein. The hernial bag is covered here fatty , superficial and a skin. Less often the femoral hernia leaves between a femoral artery and a vein. Hernias of a vascular lacuna can be identified only during operation. Sometimes the - hernia leaves through defect sheaves. Occasionally observe hernias of a muscular lacuna, usually in a zone of passage of a femoral nerve. This hernia owing to its characteristic arrangement a vascular bunch can be distinguished before operation.

At Germination By A Tumour Of Returnable Nerves

2008-07-19T22:20:00.000-07:00

At germination by a tumour of returnable nerves at patients hoarseness of a voice, defeat of knots - of a sympathetic nerve develops-, the syndrome of Gornera is shown. a wandering - nerve can cause a bradycardia, fits of coughing, vomiting-. Germination by a tumour a nerve is accompanied - by a diaphragm paralysis on the corresponding party, and a humeral - texture - a pain, , and then a paralysis of the top finiteness. Transition of a tumour to a throat is accompanied by change - of sounding of a voice, occurrence of a short wind and breath. At (germination) of a trachea and bronchial tubes there is a cough, a short wind (at 7,2 %). Formation pishchevodno-trahealnogo or a pishchevodno-bronchial fistula is shown by cough at - liquid reception-. This complication usually comes to an end with development of a pneumonia, an abscess or a lung gangrene. Owing to transition of an infection from a gullet can develop , , -. At destruction by a tumour of a wall of a large vessel there are massive bleedings.

For A Cancer Progressing Increase Of Impassability Of

2008-07-19T21:07:00.000-07:00

For a cancer progressing increase of impassability of a gullet which at one patients develops quickly, at others - slowly (during 1 1/2 - 2 years) is characteristic. Infringement of passableness of a gullet is connected not only with narrowing of its gleam by a tumour, but can be caused development pe-rifokalnogo inflammations, occurrence of a spasm of a gullet at defeat by a tumour nervous textures. More often the spastic phenomena mark at tumours. In a - disease initial stage arises at proglaty-vanii the dense or not enough chewed food. Patients feel as though its "sticking" to a wall of a gullet or a time - delay at certain level. The water drink usually eliminates - these phenomena. Even well chewed food further ceases to pass, and patients are compelled to accept semi-fluid - and liquid food, becomes a constant and arises even at the liquid use. Sometimes after the proof period there is an improvement of passableness of food on a gullet, connected with tumour disintegration. To occurrence can precede appearing at firm food of sensation of a foreign matter in a - gullet, feeling "" behind a breast, morbidity at defeat level.

Edges Of Hernial Gate Firm Owing To Development

2008-07-19T18:37:00.000-07:00

Edges of hernial gate firm owing to development of a dense cicatricial fabric. External covers of a postoperative hernia are presented by a cicatricial fabric, is intimate with a hernial bag, or a skin with hypodermic and a postoperative hem in the middle. - Muscles adjoining - to hernial collars can also - be changed-. The hernial bag quite often happens multichamber, and a hernia . Recognition of postoperative hernias does not represent - difficulties. Detection in a postoperative hem hernial , appearing at , cough, is sufficient for diagnosis statement. For definition of the body which is in a hernial bag, make radiological research of a gastroenteric path. Treatment: the surgical. At the big hernias operation presents difficulties because of unions of contents of a hernia with a - hernial bag and presence of major defects of a belly wall. At small hernias probably closing of defect at the expense of soft fabrics. During operations concerning the big postoperative - hernias apply methods , and methods of the combined plasticity of defects of a belly wall.

It Is Necessary To Exclude Also A Gullet

2008-07-17T23:12:00.000-07:00

It is necessary to exclude also a gullet pushing off from the outside tumours - back , an intrachest craw, the aortas, the increased lymph nodes, filled . The important radiological sign a gullet - is its displacement Even substantial growth of the next bodies - long time does not cause as smeshchae-most a gullet in friable connecting it is great enough. and infringement of passableness of a gullet can be caused (cicatricial change - ), arising after inflammatory - diseases of lungs and lymph nodes . In the anamnesis these patients have instructions on sharp and chronic diseases - of lungs, causeless rises in temperature of a body. at them develops quickly. At radiological research - contours of the narrowed site of a gullet equal, are more rare - wavy-, the mucous membrane relief is kept, the gullet wall at swallowing and breath is not displaced, round a gullet the shade condensed is visible. At a gullet tuberculosis a clinical and radiological picture of disease can have a strong likeness with displays of a cancer of a gullet.

Clinic And Diagnostics: The Most Frequent Complaint Is

2008-07-12T11:34:00.000-07:00

Clinic and diagnostics: the most frequent complaint is the heartburn or sensation of burning in areas, behind a breast or on a course of all gullet; after a heartburn there is a - pain. Symptoms arise or amplify at a trunk inclination forward (a symptom " a boot"), are caused by influence on the inflamed mucous membrane of a gullet - of gastric or intestinal juice with bile. Attacks of pains can be connected with strong spastic reductions of a gullet that confirms radiological and ezofagoto-nokimograficheskoe research. Pains can in a back-, between shovels, in a neck, jaws, upwards on a gullet, in the left half of thorax. It is almost always marked . At at night can occur - food weights and gastric juice in respiratory ways that causes strong cough. Disease is connected with insufficiency of the switching mechanism physiological and consequently the conditions promoting return receipt of contents from a stomach in a gullet (a prone position, a trunk inclination forward), cause occurrence of the basic symptoms.

Survey Of The Patient In Vertical Position Gives

2008-07-09T22:18:00.000-07:00

Survey of the patient in vertical position gives representation - about asymmetry areas. At presence a belly wall it is possible to define the sizes and the hernia form At define a surface, a consistence hernial -, intestines rumbling, at - a sound (, ). Manual research external from the channel make in horizontal position of the patient after reposition of a contained hernial bag. The doctor a forefinger, a skin , gets to a superficial aperture the channel, . inside and a little above from In norm the superficial aperture the channel at men passes a finger-tip. At easing of a back wall the channel it is possible to get freely a finger-tip for a horizontal branch bones that it is not possible to make at well expressed back wall formed cross-section of a stomach. Being in the channel the finger of the doctor at a tussiculation of the patient feels - transfer pushes of an internal - a symptom a push. Both investigate the channel. It is necessary to investigate bodies ( seed , and its appendage).

Characteristic Changes For A Tuberculosis In Lungs Can

2008-07-05T18:00:00.000-07:00

Characteristic changes for a tuberculosis in lungs can be absent. The definitive diagnosis is possible only after - with . Treatment: the choice of a method of treatment of a cancer of a gullet depends on level of localisation of a tumour, a stage of process, presence of accompanying - diseases Good results of surgical treatment it is possible to expect in I stage of disease, is more rare in II and III stages. However a gullet cancer seldom diagnose early, the majority of patients address for the help after half a year after occurrence of the first symptoms of disease Inoperable patients happen for two reasons: 1) - germination by a tumour of the next bodies - aortas, tracheas, a lung, in lymph nodes of the second, third order and other bodies (a liver, lungs); possibility of removal of a tumour at the majority of patients becomes definitively clear - only during operation; 2) presence of accompanying diseases of heart, lungs, kidneys, a liver and other bodies in a stage . At a cancer cervical and departments of a gullet the tumour quickly sprouts surrounding bodies and early gives metastasises.

The Pain Results From Short-term - Partial Infringement

2008-07-04T19:21:00.000-07:00

The pain results from short-term - partial infringement of contents of a hernia in narrow, an - internal aperture of the femoral channel. . quite often is the first clinical expression of such hernias. Characteristic clinical signs of a full femoral hernia - are hernial in area bedrenno-pahovogo a bend in the form of hemispherical formation of the small size, located under a sheaf from femoral vessels. Seldom hernial rises up and - settles down over a sheaf. Appears hernial - at vertical position of a body, , at reposition disappears, sometimes with rumbling. a sound over - a hernia sign in which there is a gut containing gas. A hernia sign is also the symptom - a push which happens positive even at the initial form of a hernia. At sliding hernias of a bladder can be the phenomena. The differential diagnosis: spend more often between - femoral and a hernia. At to a hernia well probed to a sheaf, especially men at whom the external aperture the channel is easily palpated, - do not have difficulties at carrying out of the differential diagnosis between femoral and a hernia.

Symptoms: Gradually Increasing In Sizes - In The

2008-07-02T12:48:00.000-07:00

Symptoms: gradually increasing in sizes - in the field of a navel, a belly-ache arising at - physical activity and cough. At research find out roundish - in the field of a navel in diameter from 1 - 3 sm to 30 sm and more. At the big hernias the sizes of hernial gate can be considerable the smaller sizes, than itself the belly - wall, caused by a hernia. It creates anatomic preconditions for development of such complications, as chronic impassability of intestines, , infringement. In a horizontal position of the patient decreases in sizes or disappears. Through a skin covering , it is possible to notice intestines waves. At hernias define edges and size of hernial gate. At a tussiculation it is accurately defined a push. Umbilical - hernias often happen , at the big hernias the hernial bag can be multichamber. Diagnostics of umbilical - hernias is simple, however it is necessary to mean that small consolidation in the field of a navel can appear ^ a stomach in a navel. All patients with umbilical hernias should - conduct radiological research of a stomach and a duodenal - gut or for the purpose of revealing - of the diseases accompanying a hernia and causing a pain in the top half of a stomach.

At This Time Intestinal Loops Being In A

2008-06-22T19:20:00.000-07:00

At this time intestinal loops being in a hernial bag, can be still viable. Before operation it is impossible to establish the diagnosis During operation the surgeon, having found out in a hernial bag two intestinal loops, should to deduce after a section of a restraining ring from a belly cavity a binding intestinal loop and to define character of the arisen changes in all restrained intestinal loop. If during operation it is not distinguished infringement as the surgeon has not examined a binding intestinal loop being in a belly cavity at the patient the peritonitis will develop. The binding loop of a gut will be a peritonitis source . The pristenochnoe infringement occurs in a narrow restraining ring when the part of an intestinal wall opposite to an attachment line is restrained only. It is observed infringement of a small intestine more often in femoral and hernias is more rare in the umbilical. Frustration and in the restrained site of a gut leads to development of destructive changes to and gut punching.

Through A Mouth It Is Blindly Shown At

2008-06-22T14:50:00.000-07:00

through a mouth it is blindly shown at small on extent verhne - and gullet departments. Treatment spend by means of a special set . If passes easily, spend the following on a thickness of number. The technique has been improved at application - of metal conductors and hollow -. They give the chance the radiological control for course definition and advancements on a gullet that raises efficiency of procedure and reduces danger of punching of a gullet. under the control it is shown at located , the channel of narrowing expressed expansion when there are difficulties at conductor carrying out. "Buzhirovanie endlessly" apply at presence at patients with tubular, or plural -. To the silk thread entered through a mouth and deduced through , attach rubber tubes of various diameter. Stretching, them spend through the narrowed site and leave at some o'clock. through it is more safely and easier transferred by patients At some patients mechanical expansion cicatricial a gullet can lead to formation .

The Long Anamnesis Of Disease Is More Characteristic

2008-06-19T13:52:00.000-07:00

The long anamnesis of disease is more characteristic for , than for a cancer. At a cancer the first symptom usually is , the pain joins later at germination by a tumour of a wall of a gullet and nervous trunks. At the first symptom - quite often is the pain, arises later. at a cancer unlike always has steadily progressing character. For a cancer it is not peculiar plentiful and night . At appetite at the majority - of patients happens is kept, seldom comes considerable on-hudanie. At radiological research of a gullet at a cancer mark narrowings, roughness of its contours, destruction of a relief of a mucous membrane, its walls, there is no considerable expansion and a S-shaped curvature of a gullet, there are no expressed infringements , the gas bubble of a stomach is kept. Crucial importance for diagnosis statement has with aim for - histologic and cytologic research of the received - material. At good-quality tumours of a gullet radiological research reveals roundish defect of filling with equal contours.

A Protective Barrier Of A Mucous Membrane: 1)

2008-06-16T22:18:00.000-07:00

a protective barrier of a mucous membrane: 1) " a barrier", covering ; 2) the first line of protection - membranes of cages, 3) the second line of protection - a membrane mucous. The mechanisms stimulating secretion of hydrochloric acid: , , products of digested food, . - parasympathetic nervous system it is liberated in a stomach wall in the answer as on stimulation of wandering nerves (in a brain - phase of gastric secretion), and on local stimulation nervous textures at a food finding in a stomach (in a gastric phase of secretion) Acetyl-holin is an average on force a stimulator of production of hydrochloric acid and the strong - activator of liberation from G-cages. - the hormone, is allocated from G-cages department of a stomach and the top department of a small intestine, stimulates secretion of hydrochloric acid with cages and their sensitivity to parasympathetic and other stimulation. Clearing from G-cages parasympathetic stimulation, albuminous food, cause, amino acids, calcium, a mechanical stretching of a stomach, alkaline value in department.

To Birthday Of The Child Are In ,

2008-06-14T17:51:00.000-07:00

To birthday of the child are in , the shoot grows. At brjushinno-pahovogo a shoot the hernia is formed congenital . In case of incomplete brjushinno-pahovogo a shoot on its separate sites arise a kisty-dropsy seed . The brjushinno-pahovyj shoot covering , forms own a cover . - Cross-section a stomach forms the general a cover for and seed . Internal slanting and cross-section muscles participate in about a muscle lifting Anatomy areas. At survey of a forward belly wall from within from outside the belly cavity can see five folds - and the deepenings (pole) which are places of hernias - External a pole is an internal aperture the channel, it is projected approximately over the middle sheaves on 1-1,5 sm above it. In norm the channel represents the space filled at men seed and at women - round a sheaf of Pahovyj the channel passes obliquely at an angle to to a sheaf and has length at men nearby 4-4,5 see Walls the channel a lobby - an external slanting muscle of a stomach, bottom a sheaf, back - cross-section a stomach, top - free edge of internal slanting and cross-section muscles of a stomach.

For The Prevention In A Belly Cavity Of

2008-06-10T06:46:00.000-07:00

For the prevention in a belly cavity of the restrained bodies the assistant to the surgeon keeps them by means of a gauze napkin. The section of a restraining ring before opening of a hernial bag as the uninspected restrained bodies will move to a belly cavity together with infected with "hernial water" is inadmissible. The third stage - a section of a restraining ring make under the sight control not to damage the bodies soldered to it from within. At femoral hernias a cut spend medially from a neck of a hernial bag in order to avoid damage of the femoral vein located at of the party of a bag. At umbilical hernias restraining ring dissect in a cross-section direction in both parties. The fourth stage - definition of viability of the restrained bodies is the most responsible stage of operation After a section of a restraining ring and introduction in solution guts from a belly cavity deduce those parts of the restrained bodies which were above a restraining ring It is impossible to tighten strongly a gut as there can be a - rupture its (separation) in area furrows.

Hernias Dvenadtsatiperstno-toshchekishechnoj Poles. In - The Period Of

2008-06-03T00:24:00.000-07:00

Hernias dvenadtsatiperstno-toshchekishechnoj poles. In - the period of development as a result of turn of an umbilical loop round an axis top arteries is formed dvenadtsatiperstno-toshekishechnaja a pole (recessus duodenojejunalis - a pole of Trejttsa). This pole can become hernial collars with formation - of the internal restrained hernia. Hernias poles (recessus retroduodenalis) name hernias. Small intestine loops get between plates guts to the right or to the left. To thicket hernial collars of internal hernias are pockets in the field of a blind gut (recessus ileocecalis superior et interior, recessus retrocecalis) or guts (recessus intersigmoideus). Damages - during operations on bodies of a belly cavity can be the reasons of formation of hernial gate-: not taken in cracks in , in the big epiploon. Disease symptoms at internal hernias arise at impassability of intestines in which occasion of patients operate. During operation carefully investigate walls of hernial gate, to the touch define absence of a pulsation of a large vessel (top - or bottom arteries).

At Occurrence Of Early Bleedings Spend Haemostatic Therapy.

2008-05-27T04:15:00.000-07:00

At occurrence of early bleedings spend haemostatic therapy. At a poisoning with an acetic essence and development vnutrisosu-distogo application is necessary for therapy (5 % a solution of bicarbonate of sodium) and forced . At development of sharp nephritic insufficiency hemodialysis carrying out is shown. At defeat of a throat and development the patient impose . At gullet punching urgent surgical intervention is necessary. During all sharp period of disease careful care of an oral cavity is necessary. For the control over changes in a gullet periodically spend . Cicatricial narrowings of a gullet. have considerable extent and are is more often located in places of physiological narrowings of a gullet: glotochno-pishchevodnogo, , . Depending on depth of damage - of a wall of a gullet are formed various extent. Filmy represent thin membranes in the thickness in some millimetres, in the thickness 2 - 3 sm, tubular in the extent 5 - 10 sm and more, subtotal and total. can be single and plural, full and incomplete.

Hernial - Has The Small Sizes That Corresponds

2008-05-25T04:56:00.000-07:00

Hernial - has the small sizes that corresponds to the small sizes a hernial bag. Hernial dense, painful. (stagnation weights) and infringement. - hernia complication when contents of a hernial bag is the thick gut. Develops as a result ' - frustration of motor function of the intestines connected with sharp fall of a tone of an intestinal wall. The inactive - way of life, plentiful meal promote hernias-. it is observed more often at corpulent patients of senile age, at men at hernias, at women at umbilical hernias. Symptoms: basic locks, belly-aches, a nausea, seldom vomiting. Hernial in process of filling of a thick gut in weights, it slowly increases almost Table 6: Differentsialno-diagnostic signs and forms of infringement of a hernia. Koprostazelastichesky infringement of a hernia B slowly, gradually Hernial , the consistences, slightly strained The kashlevoj push is defined Closing of intestines the incomplete Vomiting rare The general condition of average suddenly, quickly Hernial very painful, very strained The kashlevoj push is not defined Full impassability of intestines Vomiting frequent The general condition heavy, a collapse Without serious consequences, it is poorly strained, consistences, the symptom a push is defined.